You can view the live version of this chart here. On that page you can select to view the mean and median incomes of blacks or whites in the last 12 months.

What the chart represents
The data in the chart above come from the U.S. Census Bureau. These figures represent certain mean and median incomes of black men and women compared to white men and women living in the United States. The data in this table are based on the 2007 American Community Survey One-Year Estimates and/or the 2007 Puerto Rico Community Survey One-Year Estimates. To maintain confidentiality, the Census Bureau applies statistical procedures that introduce some uncertainty into data for geographic areas with small population groups
About the data visualization
This style of chart is called a bar chart. A bar chart is a classic method for numerical comparisons. A bar chart works well here because we are comparing the incomes (numerical data) of two racial groups. To see the exact value represented by a bar on the graph, move your mouse over it in the live version of the chart.
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You can view a live version of this chart here.

What this chart represents
This graph shows a fixed effects regression predicting changes in the number of hours worked annually for black, white and Latino men and for different family sizes. With each new child, the graph shows that there is a change in the number of hours men put into their work. The study showed that white and Latino men put in more hours annually after the birth of a child and that black men put in fewer hours.
The data comes from the article "Race and Gender in Families and at Work: The Fatherhood Wage Premium" by Rebecca Glauber, published in the journal Gender & Society.
About this visualization
This data visualization is a bar chart. A bar chart is a classical representation for numerical comparisons. The number of hours worked annually run along the Y-axis, so when bars move up, numbers are positive, or increasing. When the bars run downward, the numbers are negative, or decreasing.
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You can view a live version of this chart here.